1. Tungsten tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov liab thiab kub ntawm cov kauv steel yeeb nkab, thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm cov kauv steel yeeb nkab.
2. Silicon; nws tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov nyuaj ntawm cov kav hlau kav, tab sis cov yas thiab cov tawv nqaij raug txo. Cov kav hlau kav siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj qee yam ntawm silicon, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom sib nqus zoo.
3. Chromium; tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tawv tawv thiab puas ua haujlwm ntawm cov kav hlau kauv, thiab txhim kho corrosion kuj thiab antioxidant nyhuv ntawm kauv steel yeeb nkab. Txhawm rau txhim kho corrosion kuj ntawm anticorrosive kauv steel yeeb nkab, dav dav anticorrosive kauv steel yeeb nkab (dub raj) Galvanized.
4. Sulfur; teeb meem khib nyiab nyob rau hauv lub kauv steel yeeb nkab. Thaum cov kav hlau kav uas muaj cov sulfur uas muaj cov sulfur siab ua tiav los ntawm kev kub siab thaum lub sij hawm kub, nws yooj yim tawg.
5. Cov pa roj carbon; Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus carbon, qhov siab dua qhov hardness, tab sis qhov phem nws cov plasticity thiab toughness.
6. Manganese; tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov kauv steel yeeb nkab, ua kom tsis muaj zog thiab tshem tawm cov kev tsis zoo ntawm leej faj, thiab txhim kho cov quenchability ntawm kauv steel yeeb nkab. Lub siab-alloy kauv steel yeeb nkab (siab manganese kauv steel yeeb nkab) nrog cov ntsiab lus siab manganese yog qhov zoo Abrasion tsis kam thiab lwm yam khoom siv lub cev.
7. Phosphorus; lub plasticity thiab toughness ntawm kauv steel yeeb nkab tuaj yeem txo qis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua txias thiab brittleness. Nyob rau hauv high-zoo kauv steel kav, sulfur thiab phosphorus yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis tswj. Nws muaj cov sulfur thiab phosphorus siab nyob rau hauv qis-carbon kauv steel kav, uas tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim txiav, thiab nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho cov cutability ntawm cov kav hlau kav.
